Cruise Summary Report of Sarmiento de Gamboa Cruise HOTMIX (BSH Ref-No.: 20185400)
| General Information | |||||||||
| Platform/Ship | Sarmiento de Gamboa | ||||||||
| Cruise begin | 27.04.2014 | ||||||||
| Cruise end | 29.05.2014 | ||||||||
| Port of Departure | Heraklion, Greece | ||||||||
| Port of Return | Las Palmas, Spain | ||||||||
| Chief Scientist(s) | ARÍSTEGUI RUIZ, JAVIER - ULPGC-IOCAG/ Institute of Oceanography and Global Change | ||||||||
| Responsible Laboratory | ULPGC-IOCAG/ Institute of Oceanography and Global Change UCA/ University of Cadiz. Faculty of Marine and Environmental Science CSIC-IIM/ Institute of Marine Research UVIGO/ University of Vigo IEO/ La Coruna Oceanographic Centre University of Vienna CSIC-ICM/ Institute of Marine Sciences NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research CSIC-UTM/ Marine Technology Unit |
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| Location | |||||||||
| General Ocean Areas | North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea | ||||||||
| Marsden Squares (S, N, E, W) | 144 (30.0, 40.0, 0.0, 10.0) 142 (30.0, 40.0, 20.0, 30.0) 109 (30.0, 40.0, -10.0, 0.0) 110 (30.0, 40.0, -20.0, -10.0) 143 (30.0, 40.0, 10.0, 20.0) 141 (30.0, 40.0, 30.0, 40.0) |
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| Project | |||||||||
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| Objectives | |||||||||
| Description | This project will study the influence of mixing zones between water masses on the metabolism and biodiversity of microbial communities, and their impact on biogeochemical fluxes, in the deep ocean. The project will be carried out in the Mediterranean Sea as an example of experimental laboratory for its dynamic characteristics, with turnover times an order of magnitude smaller than in the open ocean (11 to 100 years). We will follow the evolution of the Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) from its generation, in the eastern basin of the Mediterranean Sea until its flow to the North Atlantic through the Strait of Gibraltar. During its westward flow the LIW mixes both with surface water of Atlantic origin and deep Mediterranean waters, formed both in the eastern (Adriatic and Aegean Seas) and western (Gulf of Lions) basins. After outflowing through the Gulf of Cadiz, the LIW sinks down and spills over into the eastern Atlantic Ocean, mixing with different Atlantic waters, like the North Atlantic Central Water (NACW), the Subpolar Modal Water (SPMW) and the Labrador Sea Water (LSW). We will reproduce the "in situ" conditions (temperature, pH and hydrostatic pressure) in the deep ocean to study microbial metabolism using advanced methodologies. We will also examine the relationship between diversity, microbial metabolism and the elemental and molecular composition of the available organic matter at these interface regions. Finally, we will compare estimates of metabolic rates with geochemical approaches based on multiparametric analysis of water masses (OMP) and age estimates from transient tracers, helping to resolve the paradox of the imbalance between sources and sinks of carbon in the deep ocean. | ||||||||
| Additional Information | |||||||||
| Parameters measured | Air temperature Wind strength and direction Atmospheric humidity Air pressure Raw temperature and/or salinity instrument output Horizontal spatial co-ordinates Solar Radiation Acoustic backscatter in the water column Alkalinity, acidity and pH of the water column Bacteria generic abundance in water bodies Bacterial consumption in the water column Bacterial production in the water column Carbon concentrations in suspended particulate material Carotenoid and flavenoid pigment concentrations in water bodies Chlorophyll pigment concentrations in water bodies Concentration of organic matter in water bodies Date and time Density of the water column Dissolved concentration parameters for other gases in the water column Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column Dissolved total and organic nitrogen concentrations in the water column Dissolved total or organic phosphorus concentration in the water column Gas fluxes between the water column and the atmosphere Oxygen production and respiration in the water column Particulate total and organic carbon concentrations in the water column Particulate total and organic nitrogen concentrations in the water column Phytoplankton generic abundance in water bodies Phytoplankton taxonomic abundance in water bodies Phytoplankton taxonomic biomass in water bodies Suspended particulate material aggregates Temperature variation in the water column Ultra-violet (UV) radiation Zooplankton non taxonomy-related abundance per unit volume of the water column Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column Silicate concentration parameters in the water column Temperature of the water column Salinity of the water column Transmittance and attenuance of the water column Raw fluorometer output Sound velocity and travel time in the water column |
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| Instruments used | meteorological packages thermosalinographs NAVSTAR Global Positioning System receivers discrete water samplers plankton nets CTD autoanalysers single-beam echosounders Fish-finder echosounders fluorometers dissolved gas sensors transmissometers |
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